Jumat, 19 Mei 2017

Ayu's final assignment (explaning about Colloid)


COLLOID


There is this daily life, often we encounter some products that are a mixture of some substances, but they can be mixed evenly or homogeneously. For example, when the mother makes milk for siblings, powder or milk flour mixed evenly with hot water. Such products are colloidal systems.
Colloids are a mixture of heterogeneous substances between two or more substances in which the colloidal particles of matter are spread evenly in another substance. The size of colloidal particles ranges from 1-100 nm. The size in question can be the diameter, length, width, or thickness of a particle. Another example of a colloidal system is the ink, which consists of color powders (solid) with liquid (water). In addition to ink, there are still many other colloidal systems, such as mayonnaise, hairspray, and jelly.

Choloid Properties
• Tyndall effect
The Tyndall effect is a symptom of scattering of light beam by colloidal particles. This is because the size of the colloidal molecule is quite large. This tyndall effect was discovered by John Tyndall, a British physicist. Therefore it is called the tyndall effect.
The tyndall effect is the effect that occurs when a solution is exposed to light. When the true solution is illuminated with light, the solution will not scatter light, whereas in the colloidal system, the light will be scattered. It happens because the colloidal particles have relatively large particles to be able to scatter the rays. In contrast, in the true solution, the particles are relatively small so that the scattering occurs only slightly and is very difficult to observe.
• Brownian motion
Brownian motion is the movement of colloidal particles that always move straight but not erratic (random or irregular motion). If we observe colloids under an ultra microscope, then we will see that the particles will move to form zigzags. This zigzag movement is called Brownian motion. The particles of a substance are constantly moving.
The movement may be random as in liquids and gases, or simply vibrate in places such as solids. For colloids with a liquid or gas dispersing medium, the movement of particles will result in collisions with the colloidal particles themselves. The collision took place from all directions. Because the particle size is small enough, the collisions that occur tend to be unbalanced. So there is a resultant collision that causes changes in the direction of motion of particles resulting in the motion of zigzag or Brownian motion. The smaller the size of colloidal particles, the faster Brownian motion occurs. Similarly, the larger the size of colloidal particles, the slower the Brownian motion occurs. This explains why Brownian motion is difficult to observe in solution and is not found in solids (suspension). Brownian motion is also affected by temperature. The higher the temperature of the colloidal system, the greater the kinetic energy of the dispersed medium particles. As a result, Brown's motion of the dispersed phase particles is accelerating. Similarly, the lower the temperature of the colloidal system, the more slow the Brownian motion.
• Absorption
Absorption is the absorption of particles or ions or other compounds on the surface of colloidal particles caused by the surface area of ​​the particles.

 Okay, please watch my video on :

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgZh2Zt3NF0




Jumat, 12 Mei 2017

Chemistry Lesson Plan Based On Curriculum 2013


LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

Subject                      : Chemistry
Class / Semester        : X / II
Sub Main Material     : Oxidation-Reduction Reaction
Time Allocation          : 1 x 45 minutes (1 x meeting)

A.    Core Competencies
1.      To live and practice the religious teachings that he embraces
2.      Living and practicing honest, disciplined, responsible, caring (polite, cooperative, tolerant, peaceful) behavior, courteous, responsive and proactive and showing attitude as part of the solution to problems in interacting effectively with the social and natural environment And in placing themselves as a reflection of the nation in the association of the world.
3.      Understand, apply, analyze factual, conceptual, procedural knowledge based on his or her knowledge of science, technology, art, culture, and humanities with the insights of humanity, nationality, state and civilization on the causes of phenomena and events, and apply procedural knowledge to the field Specific studies according to his or her talents and interests to solve problems.
4.      Processing, reasoning, and presenting in the realm of concrete and abstract realms related to the development of the self-study in the school independently, and able to use methods according to scientific rules

B.     Basic Competence
1.1  Recognizing the orderliness of the structure of material particles as a manifestation of the greatness of God YME and the knowledge of the particle structure of matter as the result of human creative thought that the truth is tentative
2.1  Demonstrate scientific behavior (having a sense of curiosity, discipline, honest, objective, open, capable of distinguishing facts and opinions, resilient, conscientious, responsible, critical, creative, innovative, democratic, communicative) in designing and experimenting and discussing embodied in attitudes daily
2.2  Demonstrate cooperative, courteous, tolerant, peace-loving and environmentally-friendly behavior and thrifty in utilizing natural resources
2.3  Demonstrate responsive and proactive and prudent behavior as a form of problem-solving ability and decision making
3.1  Analyze the development of the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions and determine the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions.

C.     Indicators
1.      Using the knowledge of the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions that are the product of human thought as a manifestation of the greatness of God Almighty
2.      Have a curiosity about the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions
3.      Demonstrate diligence and responsibility in learning and working both individually and in groups
4.      Distinguish the concept of oxidation and reduction in terms of the incorporation and release of oxygen, the release and acceptance of electrons as well as the increase and decrease of oxidation numbers

D.    Learning Objectives
a.       In the learning process, learners can be grateful for the grace of God for the existence of chemistry and use it as a tool in understanding, applying, and the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions that are the product of human thought as the form of the greatness of God Almighty
b.      In the learning process, learners can demonstrate honest, responsible, and disciplinary behaviors regarding the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in a molecule or ion
c.       After reading the development of atomic theory, learners can explain the development of atomic theory to show the weaknesses and advantages of the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions and to determine the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions based on experimental facts
d.      Students can distinguish the oxidation-reduction concept in terms of increasing and decreasing the oxygen number
e.       Can determine the oxidation number of elemental atoms in a compound or ion

E.     Learning Materials
1.      Material Facts Many of the events around us that involve oxidation and reduction reactions or also called redox reactions. For example, iron corrosion, chemical reactions in batteries, and combustion of hydrogen fuel in spacecraft.
2.      Concept Materials
The concept of reduction and oxidation reactions has developed along with the advancement of chemistry. Based on the facts found around us, the concept of oxidation and reduction reactions based on oxidation reactions involves combining oxygen and reduction reactions involving the release of oxygen.
3.      Principle Material
Reduction and oxidation reactions can be applied more widely and do not involve oxygen. The oxidation and reduction reactions can be observed from the chemical bonds of the electron handling. The oxidation reaction involves the transfer of electrons and the reduction reaction involves electron reception. The presence of an electron handover causes the oxidation and reduction reactions to occur together so that it is also called oxidation-reduction or redox reaction. The concept of redox reactions can also be developed based on changes in oxidation numbers. The oxidation reaction has increased the oxidation number and the reduction reaction has decreased the oxidation number
4.      Procedures
Based on the principles described above, to determine the oxidation-reduction reaction can be used with the concept or principle that exists in the material.
1) The concept of oxidation and reduction reactions based on the incorporation and release of oxygen
2) The concept of oxidation and reduction reactions based on electron discharge and reception
3) The concept of oxidation and reduction reactions based on changes in oxidation numbers

F.      Learning Method
Approach        : Scientific Approach
Model              : Problem Based Learning (problem-based learning model)
Methods          : Discussion, assignment, question and answer and presentation

G.    Learning Activities
Activities
Description
Time Allocation
Preliminary
• Greetings
• Ask learners readiness and comfort to learn
• Allow one of the learners to lead the prayer
• Material questions about oxidation-reduction reactions
• Delivering learning objectives
5 minutes

Core
• Learners are divided into 7 groups (each group consists of 4 people)
• Learners discuss the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions and determine the oxidation number of atoms in a molecule or ion
• Learners are assigned to practice questions related to the oxidation number of atoms in a molecule or ion
• Teacher asks questions relating to the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions
• Learners conclude about the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions that have been discussed
• Learners do an analysis of why oxidation-reduction reactions always occur together in a redox reaction
• Learners are asked to present their work in front of the class and other groups listen and respond
• Provide positive feedback and reinforcement of the results of the discussion and the percentage of learners
30 minutes

Cover
• Together with learners make a summary / conclusion of the lesson
• Reflecting on activities that have been implemented
• Provide feedback on learning processes and outcomes (oral quiz)
• Deliver a lesson plan at the next meeting on redox reactions
10 minutes


H.    Learning Resources
• Master's book
• Student's Book
• Www. Wikepidia.com
• www. Google.com

I.       Assessment
1.      Technique Forms of Assessment
No
Indicators of Competence Achievement
1
Using knowledge of the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions that are the product of human thought as a form of greatness God Almighty
2
Have a curiosity about the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions
3
Demonstrate diligence and responsibility in learning and working both individually and in groups
4
Distinguish the concept of oxidation-reduction in terms of the incorporation and release of oxygen, electron discharges and reception as well as the increase and decrease of oxidation numbers

2.      Rubric and Stage Assessment Guidelines
No
Name Learners
Aspects of Attitude Assessed
NP
NM
NA
Information
Want to know
Cooperation
Communication
1






(NP/NM)x100

2







3








Description of attitude assessment
Want To Know (curiosity)
5   = never show attitude do not want to know
4        = never show attitude do not want to know
3        = several times show attitude do not want to know
2        = often show attitude do not want to know
1  = very often show attitude do not want to know
Cooperation (team work)
5        = always cooperate
4        = often cooperate
3         =  several times to cooperate
2      =never cooperate
1      = never cooperate

Communicating Good (communicative)
5 = never shows non-communicative attitude
4 = never show non-communicative attitude
3        = several times show non-communicative attitude
2 = often does not show a non-communicative attitude
1 = very often shows non-communicative attitude

3.      Cognitive appraisal instruments
No
Indicators of Competence Achievement
Instrument
1
Using knowledge of the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions that are the product of human thought as a form of greatness TYME
In the concept of oxidation and reduction reactions based on the incorporation and release of oxygen, what is meant by oxidation and reduction?
2
Have a curiosity about the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions as well as determining the oxidation number of atoms in molecules or ions
Based on removal and incorporation of oxygen, determine which are the following reactions which include oxidation-reactions?
2CuO → 2Cu + O2
2PbO + O2 → 2PbO2

3
Demonstrate diligence and responsibility in learning and working both individually and in groups
Determine the oxidation of the atoms of the elements in the following embodiments:
A. AgCl
B. O3
C. ClO2-
D. Well
4
Distinguish the concept of oxidation-reduction in terms of the incorporation and release of oxygen, electron discharges and reception as well as the increase and decrease of oxidation numbers
Based on the data of oxidation of the atom of its elements, how can the following reactions be described as examples of oxazedoks?
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

Assessment rubric:
No
Rated aspect
Answer
Rubric
1
In contrast, oxidation and reduction are based on the incorporation and release of oxygen, what is meant by oxidation and reduction?
The concept of oxidation and reduction is based on the incorporation and release of oxygen:
• Oxidation is a reaction to the combination of substances
• Reduction is a rip-off of their own triangle

1. Answering 1
2. Answering 2
2
Based on the release and incorporation of oxygen, determine which of the following reactions include the oxidation-reduction reaction?
2CuO → 2Cu + O2
2PbO + O2 → 2PbO2
Based on removal and combination of oxygen, then:
Reduction: 2CuO → 2Cu + O2
Oxidation: 2PbO + O2 → 2PbO2
1. Answering one
2. Answering two.
3
Determine the oxidation number of the atoms of the elements in the following compound:
A. AgCl
B. O3
C. ClO2-
D. Well
The oxidation of the atoms of the elements in the form follows:
A) Ag = +1, Cl = -1
B) O3 = 0
C) Cl = +3, O = -2
D) Na = +1, H = -1
1. Answering One
2. Answering two
3. Answering three
4. Answering four
4
Based on the atomic oxidation number data of its elements how can the following reactions be explained as a redox reaction?
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Based on the data of oxidation number of atom unsure-unscracked acetate can be said to be reactediredoks.
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mg → Mg2 + (Oxidation)
2H + → H2 (Reduction)
1.Configuring
electron / electron valensitapi less precise
2.Proper
configuration of electrons / valence electrons
3.Electronically
configure electrons but the valence electrons are less precise, or vice versa
4.Perform proper valence electron and valence configuration